Which organization is the Islamist organization in Egypt?

• A. Free Officers Movement
• B. National Democratic Party
• C. Al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya
• D. Muslim Brotherhood

Answer: (D)

The main idea here is identifying the organization most closely tied to political Islam in Egypt. The Muslim Brotherhood fits that description best. Founded in 1928 by Hassan al-Banna, it grew from a religious and social reform group into a broad Islamist movement that sought to apply Islamic principles to governance, operating through mosques, schools, and charitable activities. It became the country’s most enduring and influential Islamist network, even as its political status shifted with bans and reorganization over the years.

The other groups have different identities: the Free Officers Movement was a secular nationalist military group that led the 1952 coup; the National Democratic Party was the secular ruling party under the postcolonial state; and Al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya is an Islamist faction known for radical, violent actions, not the mainstream Islamist organization in Egypt.