Which early 20th-century movement in India promoted self-reliance and boycotts of British goods and institutions?

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Multiple Choice

Which early 20th-century movement in India promoted self-reliance and boycotts of British goods and institutions?

Explanation:
Swadeshi, meaning “of one’s own country,” captures the focus on economic nationalism in the early 20th-century freedom movement. It began around 1905 in response to the Partition of Bengal and called for Indians to rely on domestic industry and to boycott British goods and institutions. The movement promoted Indian-made textiles and cottage industries, encouraging people to support locally produced goods and to withdraw support from foreign controls. This emphasis on self-reliance paired with purposeful boycotts of British goods and institutions is exactly what the question describes. While later campaigns like the Salt Satyagraha and the wider Non-Cooperation Movement involved boycotts as well, Swadeshi is the movement most centered on building economic self-sufficiency as a route to political freedom. The Green Revolution, by contrast, came much later and focused on agricultural technology rather than anti-colonial strategy.

Swadeshi, meaning “of one’s own country,” captures the focus on economic nationalism in the early 20th-century freedom movement. It began around 1905 in response to the Partition of Bengal and called for Indians to rely on domestic industry and to boycott British goods and institutions. The movement promoted Indian-made textiles and cottage industries, encouraging people to support locally produced goods and to withdraw support from foreign controls. This emphasis on self-reliance paired with purposeful boycotts of British goods and institutions is exactly what the question describes. While later campaigns like the Salt Satyagraha and the wider Non-Cooperation Movement involved boycotts as well, Swadeshi is the movement most centered on building economic self-sufficiency as a route to political freedom. The Green Revolution, by contrast, came much later and focused on agricultural technology rather than anti-colonial strategy.

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